Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2001) - Tokelau (2004)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2001) z Tokelau (2004)

	Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2001)	Tokelau (2004)

Administrative divisions	-	none (territory of New Zealand)
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 42% 15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5% (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats
Airports	-	none; lagoon landings are possible by amphibious aircraft (2003 est.)
Area	total: 5 sq km land: 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island	total: 10 sq km land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983 it became a National Nature Reserve. Recent geological explorations have indicated promising petroleum formations.	Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925.
Birth rate	-	NA births/1,000 population
Budget	-	revenues: $430,800 expenditures: $2.8 million, including capital expenditures of $37,300 (1987 est.)
Capital	-	none; each atoll has its own administrative center
Climate	tropical	tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)
Coastline	74.1 km	101 km
Constitution	-	administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as amended in 1970
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Tokelau
Currency	-	New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Death rate	-	NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external	-	$0
Dependency status	territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories	self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelauans are drafting a constitution and developing institutions and patterns of self-government as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (territory of New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (territory of New Zealand)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	-	from New Zealand about $4 million annually
Economy - overview	no economic activity	Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services, with annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand.
Electricity - consumption	-	NA kWh
Electricity - production	-	NA kWh
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 3 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Environment - current issues	NA	very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand
Ethnic groups	-	Polynesian
Exchange rates	-	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.7229 (2003), 2.154 (2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999)
Executive branch	-	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by Administrator Neil WALTER (since NA 2002) head of government: Aliki Faipule Kuresa NASAU (since 2004) note - position rotates annually among members of the cabinet cabinet: the Council of Faipule, consisting of three elected leaders - one from each atoll - functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term
Exports	-	$98,000 f.o.b. (1983)
Exports - commodities	-	stamps, copra, handicrafts
Exports - partners	-	New Zealand (2000)
Fiscal year	-	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	the flag of Australia is used	the flag of New Zealand is used
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $1.5 million (1993 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $1,000 (1993 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	NA
Geographic coordinates	12 14 S, 123 05 E	9 00 S, 172 00 W
Geography - note	Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983	consists of three atolls, each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over three meters above sea level
Highways	-	total: NA km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports	-	$323,000 c.i.f. (1983)
Imports - commodities	-	foodstuffs, building materials, fuel
Imports - partners	-	New Zealand (2000)
Independence	-	none (territory of New Zealand)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA
Industries	-	small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing
Infant mortality rate	-	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	NA
International organization participation	-	UNESCO (associate), UPU
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1993)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	-	Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau
Labor force	-	NA
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (all grass and sand)	arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile) permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)
Languages	-	Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English
Legal system	the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply	New Zealand and local statutes
Legislative branch	-	unicameral General Fono (48 seats; 15 members from each of the three islands elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms and the 3 island village mayors [pulenuku]); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: NA years male: 68 years female: 70 years (2004 est.)
Literacy	-	NA
Location	Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Australia	Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references	Southeast Asia	Oceania
Maritime claims	contiguous zone: 12 NM continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	none
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
National holiday	-	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality	-	noun: Tokelauan(s) adjective: Tokelauan
Natural hazards	surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards	lies in Pacific typhoon belt
Natural resources	fish	NEGL
Net migration rate	-	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders	-	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	none
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: there are only seasonal caretakers (July 2001 est.)	1,405 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA
Population growth rate	-	-0.01% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	none; offshore anchorage only	none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations	-	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA note: each atoll has a radio broadcast station of unknown type that broadcasts shipping and weather reports (1998)
Religions	-	Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2% note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant
Sex ratio	-	NA
Suffrage	-	21 years of age; universal
Telephone system	-	general assessment: adequate domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: country code - 690; radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations, established in 1997
Telephones - main lines in use	-	300 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	0 (2001)
Terrain	low with sand and coral	low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons
Total fertility rate	-	NA children born/woman
Unemployment rate	-	NA
Waterways	none	-

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